Amavalvuziyizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuphatha uketshezi, okuvumela ukulawula nokulawula ukugeleza koketshezi. Izinhlobo ezimbili zamavalvu ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini, ezentengiselwano, nezindawo zokuhlala yilezii-valve yesangokanye nehlola i-valve. Yize zombili zisebenza izindima ezibalulekile ekulawuleni uketshezi, imiklamo yazo, imisebenzi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo kwehluka kakhulu. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zama-valve kubalulekile ekukhetheni i-valve efanele ohlelweni oluthile.
Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uzohlola umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwamavalvu esango kanye nama-valve okuhlola, izimiso zawo zokusebenza, imiklamo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezidingo zokulondolozwa.
1. Incazelo kanye nenjongo
Ivalve yesango
Ivalvu yesango iwuhlobo lwevalvu esebenzisa isango (idiski) eliyisicaba noma elimise okwejiko ukuze lilawule ukugeleza koketshezi ngepayipi. Ukunyakaza kwesango, okuyi-perpendicular to flow, kuvumela ukuvala ngokuphelele noma ukuvulwa okuphelele kwendlela yokugeleza. Ama-valve esango ngokuvamile asetshenziswa uma kudingeka ukugeleza okugcwele, okungavimbeli noma kuvalwe ngokuphelele. Zilungele ukulawulwa kokuvula/ukuvala kodwa azifaneleki ukulawula ukuphehla noma ukugeleza.
Hlola Valve
I-valve yokuhlola, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyivalvu engabuyi (NRV) eklanyelwe ukuvumela uketshezi ukuthi lugeleze luye ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukuvimbela ukubuyela emuva, okungabangela ukulimala kwemishini noma ukuphazamisa izinqubo. Ama-valve okuhlola asebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi awadingi ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla. Avame ukusetshenziswa kumasistimu lapho ukugeleza okubuyela emuva kungabangela ukungcola, ukulimala kwemishini, noma ukungasebenzi kwenqubo.
2. Isimiso Sokusebenza
Isimiso sokuSebenza se-Valve yesango
Isimiso sokusebenza se-valve yesango silula. Lapho isibambo se-valve noma i-actuator siphendulwa, isango liya phezulu noma phansi eduze kwesiqu se-valve. Lapho isango liphakanyiswa ngokugcwele, linikeza indlela yokugeleza engaphazamiseki, okuholela ekunciphiseni okuncane kokucindezela. Lapho isango lehliswa, livimba ukugeleza ngokuphelele.
Amavalvu esango awawalawuli kahle amazinga okugeleza, njengoba ukuvuleka kancane kungase kubangele isiyaluyalu nokudlidliza, okuholela ekugugeni nasekudabukeni. Asetshenziswa kangcono ezinhlelweni ezidinga umsebenzi ophelele wokuqala/ukumisa kunokulawula okunembile kokugeleza koketshezi.
Hlola Isimiso Sokusebenza Se-Valve
I-valve yokuhlola isebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo isebenzisa amandla oketshezi. Uma uketshezi lugeleza ngendlela ehlosiwe, luphusha i-disc, ibhola, noma i-flap (kuye ngokuthi umklamo) endaweni evulekile. Lapho ukugeleza kuma noma izama ukuhlehla, i-valve ivala ngokuzenzakalelayo ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, umfutho ongemuva, noma indlela yasentwasahlobo.
Lokhu kusebenza okuzenzakalelayo kuvimbela ukubuyela emuva, okuwusizo ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezinamaphampu noma ama-compressor. Njengoba kungekho ukulawula kwangaphandle okudingekayo, ama-valve okuhlola avame ukubhekwa njengama-valve "angenzi lutho".
3. Umklamo kanye Nesakhiwo
I-Gate Valve Design
Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-valve yesango zihlanganisa:
- Umzimba: Ikhase yangaphandle ephethe zonke izingxenye zangaphakathi.
- Ibhonethi: Ikhava ekhiphekayo evumela ukufinyelela ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi zevalvu.
- Isiqu: Induku enentambo ehambisa isango phezulu naphansi.
- Isango (Idiski): Ingxenye eyisicaba noma emise okwejiko evimba noma evumela ukugeleza.
- Isihlalo: Indawo lapho isango lihlala khona lapho livaliwe, okuqinisekisa ukuvala okuqinile.
Amavalvu esango angahlukaniswa abe yimiklamo yesiqu esikhuphukayo nengakhuphuki. Ama-valve e-stem akhuphukayo ahlinzeka ngezinkomba zokuthi i-valve ivuliwe noma ivaliwe, kuyilapho imiklamo ye-stem engakhuphuki ikhethwa lapho isikhala esiqondile silinganiselwe.
Hlola i-Valve Design
Ama-valve okuhlola eza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngalinye linomklamo ohlukile:
- I-Swing Check Valve: Isebenzisa idiski noma i-flap eshwibeka kuhinji. Ivula futhi ivale ngokusekelwe ekuqondeni kokugeleza koketshezi.
- Phakamisa iValve Yokuhlola: I-disc iya phezulu naphansi iye phezulu, iqondiswa yiposi. Uma uketshezi lugeleza ngendlela efanele, i-disc iyaphakanyiswa, futhi lapho ukugeleza kuyeka, i-disc yehla ukuze ivale i-valve.
- I-Ball Check Valve: Isebenzisa ibhola ukuvimba indlela yokuhamba. Ibhola liya phambili ukuvumela ukugeleza koketshezi nangemuva ukuvimba ukugeleza okubuyela emuva.
- I-Piston Check Valve: Ifana nevalvu yokuhlola i-lift kodwa enepiston esikhundleni sediski, enikeza uphawu oluqinile.
- Ukwakheka kwevalvu yokuhlola kuncike ezidingweni zesistimu ethile, njengohlobo loketshezi, izinga lokugeleza, nokucindezela.
5. Izicelo
Izicelo Gate Valve
- Amasistimu Wokuhlinzeka Ngamanzi: Isetshenziselwa ukuqalisa noma ukumisa ukugeleza kwamanzi emapayipini.
- Amapayipi Kawoyela Negesi: Isetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa imigqa yenqubo.
- Izinhlelo zokunisela: Lawula ukugeleza kwamanzi ezinhlelweni zezolimo.
- Izitshalo zamandla: Isetshenziswa kumasistimu athwala isitimu, igesi, nolunye uketshezi olunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Hlola Izicelo Valve
- Amasistimu wepompo: Vimbela ukubuyela emuva lapho iphampu ivaliwe.
- Izitshalo Zokuhlanza Amanzi: Vimbela ukungcola ngokugeleza emuva.
- Izitshalo Zokucubungula Amakhemikhali: Vimbela ukuxubana kwamakhemikhali ngenxa yokuhlehla ukugeleza.
- Amasistimu we-HVAC: Vimbela ukubuyela emuva koketshezi olushisayo noma olubandayo kumasistimu okushisa nawokupholisa.
Isiphetho
Kokubiliama-valve esangofuthihlola ama-valvedlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni eziwuketshezi kodwa abe nemisebenzi ehluke ngokuphelele. Ai-valve yesangoiyi-valve eqondiswa kabili esetshenziselwa ukuqala noma ukumisa ukugeleza koketshezi, kuyilapho ahlola i-valveiyi-valve engaqondile esetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukubuyela emuva. Ama-valve esango asebenza ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo, kuyilapho ama-valve okuhlola esebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokungenelela komsebenzisi.
Ukukhetha i-valve efanele kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuvinjelwa kokubuyela emuva, sebenzisa i-valve yokuhlola. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kudingeka khona ukulawula uketshezi, sebenzisa i-valve yesango. Ukukhethwa okufanele, ukufakwa, nokugcinwa kwalezi zivalo kuzoqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu, ukwethembeka, nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-12-2024